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Parapelvic Cysts of the Kidney

Definition of Renal Parapelvic Cysts

Parapelvic cysts of the kidneys are simple renal cysts, which are adjacent to the renal pelvis or the renal sinus.

Etiology of Parapelvic Cysts

Lymph vessel cysts

Typical parapelvic cysts are multiple and most probable derive from lymphatic vessels, often associated with nephrolithiasis or urinary obstruction.

Simple renal cysts

Parapelvic cysts may also derive from the renal parenchyma adjacent to the renal pelvis. These cysts derive from the nephron.

Signs and Symptoms

Normally, there are no complaints. Parapelvic cysts can compress the pyelocalyceal system or ureter, cause flank pain or lead to other symptoms of urinary obstruction.

Diagnostic Work-Up of Parapelvin Cysts

Renal ultrasound should be sufficient for the diagnosis; in doubtful situations an intravenous pyelography, CT Abdomen or renal scintigraphy can rule out urinary obstruction.

Differential Diagnosis of Parapelvic Cysts

Hydronephrosis (upper urinary tract obstruction).

Treatment of Parapelvic Cysts

Treatment of parapelvic cysts is rarely necessary, see section simple renal cyst.

References

Israel, G. M. & Bosniak, M. A.
An update of the Bosniak renal cyst classification system.
Urology, 2005, 66, 484-488

  Deutsche Version: Parapelvine Nierenzyste