Karyotyping is the microscopic analysis of the chromosomes of a cell in metaphase, the stage of maximum DNA compression. The chromosomes are numbered according to size and examined. The difference in chromosome staining results from euchromatin and heterochromatin and produces a characteristic banding pattern. The banding pattern of the chromosomes enables identification of individual chromosomes and a possible numerical chromosome aberrations [Fig normal human karyotype].
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Normal human karyotype. Fig. from Public Health Image Library, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, USA, www.cdc.gov. |
Karyotyping is indicated for possible disorders of sex development, severe hypospadias, Turner syndrome, Down syndrome or Klinefelter's syndrome.
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Deutsche Version: Karyogramm
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Dr. med. Dirk Manski
man...@urologielehrbuch.de